Motherboard

Motherboard
The motherboard is the main board in a computer that every computer component is attached directly to or through ports.

It will have:
 * CPU socket


 * BIOS chip


 * Controllers and interfaces for storage and peripherals


 * Main Bus


 * Chipset


 * Expansion slots, PCIe


 * RAM slots

Controllers
A controller is a device that controls the flow of data between different devices such as the disk drives, it does this through the computers bus. Controllers can be either surface mounted chips on the motherboard such as the USB controllers or expanded controllers such as displays through display adapters.

Ports
A port is a physical connection to external devices directly or through cables such as a mouse, monitor or speaker.

They come in many shapes and forms a few examples are:
 * USB


 * PS/2


 * FIREWIRE


 * VGA
 * SCSI
 * SATA
 * E-SATA
 * DVI

Battery
Batteries are used to power mobile devices allowing them to function without having to be plugged into a socket for power. This allows for devices such as phones and laptops to be usable while you move around without having power cables trailed around.